An a posteriori error analysis of a mixed finite element Galerkin approximation to second order linear parabolic problems

In this article, a posteriori error estimates are derived for a mixed finite element Galerkin approximation to second order linear parabolic initial and boundary value problems. Using mixed elliptic reconstruction method, a posteriori error estimates in $L^\infty(L^2)$ and $L^2(L^2)$-norms with optimal order of convergence for the solution as well as its flux are proved for the semidiscrete scheme. Finally, based on backward Euler method, a completely discrete scheme is analyzed and a posteriori bounds are derived, which improves earlier results on a posteriori estimates for mixed parabolic problems

IMPACT OF THEILERIOSIS ON MILK IN NATURALLY INFECTED COWS AND BUFFALOES AT HYDERABAD

Study was conducted to investigate the consequences of Theileriosis in naturally infected cattle and buffaloes of urban and peri urban areas of Hyderabad. Chemical analysis of milk of infected cows and buffaloes revealed that protein, ash and lactose were significantly declined (P<0.05) whereas, fat and total solids were significantly increased (P<0.05) in Theileria infected cows and buffaloes, but pH and acidity was unaffected. Financial losses occur in terms of reduced quality and severely decreased quantity of milk and meat. The total financial loss including the mortality and decreased quantity of milk and meat was recorded of Rs. 0.17 million / animal in the current study. Theileriosis is one of the main causes of financial losses for livestock holders

MODLEACH: A Variant of LEACH for WSNs

Wireless sensor networks are appearing as an emerging need for mankind. Though, Such networks are still in research phase however, they have high potential to be applied in almost every field of life. Lots of research is done and a lot more is awaiting to be standardized. In this work, cluster based routing in wireless sensor networks is studied precisely. Further, we modify one of the most prominent wireless sensor network's routing protocol "LEACH" as modified LEACH (MODLEACH) by introducing \emph{efficient cluster head replacement scheme} and \emph{dual transmitting power levels}. Our modified LEACH, in comparison with LEACH out performs it using metrics of cluster head formation, through put and network life. Afterwards, hard and soft thresholds are implemented on modified LEACH (MODLEACH) that boast the performance even more. Finally a brief performance analysis of LEACH, Modified LEACH (MODLEACH), MODLEACH with hard threshold (MODLEACHHT) and MODLEACH with soft threshold (MODLEACHST) is undertaken considering metrics of throughput, network life and cluster head replacements.Comment: IEEE 8th International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA'13), Compiegne, Franc

Normalized Affymetrix expression data are biased by G-quadruplex formation

Probes with runs of four or more guanines (G-stacks) in their sequences can exhibit a level of hybridization that is unrelated to the expression levels of the mRNA that they are intended to measure. This is most likely caused by the formation of G-quadruplexes, where inter-probe guanines form Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds, which probes with G-stacks are capable of forming. We demonstrate that for a specific microarray data set using the Human HG-U133A Affymetrix GeneChip and RMA normalization there is significant bias in the expression levels, the fold change and the correlations between expression levels. These effects grow more pronounced as the number of G-stack probes in a probe set increases. Approximately 14 of the probe sets are directly affected. The analysis was repeated for a number of other normalization pipelines and two, FARMS and PLIER, minimized the bias to some extent. We estimate that ∼15 of the data sets deposited in the GEO database are susceptible to the effect. The inclusion of G-stack probes in the affected data sets can bias key parameters used in the selection and clustering of genes. The elimination of these probes from any analysis in such affected data sets outweighs the increase of noise in the signal. © 2011 The Author(s)

Eikenella Corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus co-infection causing skull base osteomyelitis and internal carotid artery lesion

© 2020 The Author(s) A 35-year-old male presented with headaches and fevers. MRI of his head showed skull-based infection of the clivus extended to the right internal carotid artery. Blood and sinus cultures were positive for Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus. He had intravenous antibiotics and sinus washout. The patient had full neurological recovery following this

RELAPSE OF GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME AFTER SPINAL ANESTHESIA: A CASE REPORT

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy characterized by progressive symmetric ascending muscle weakness, paralysis and hyporeflexia with or without sensory or autonomic symptoms. It is most commonly caused by an autoimmune response of the body to an infectious agent like Campylobacter jejuni. It is less common during pregnancy but it may relapse during postpartum period. Cases of GBS have been reported after Spinal, epidural and general anesthesia. Here we report a case of 28year old female patient who had relapse of GBS after undergoing emergency laparotomy for ruptured ectopic pregnancy. In this case report, we are presenting an unusual case of GBS relapsing 4 years after initial episode following spinal anesthesia.KEYWORDS: Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Campylobacter jejuni; Postpartum period

RELAPSE OF GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME AFTER SPINAL ANESTHESIA: A CASE REPORT

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy characterized by progressive symmetric ascending muscle weakness, paralysis and hyporeflexia with or without sensory or autonomic symptoms. It is most commonly caused by an autoimmune response of the body to an infectious agent like Campylobacter jejuni. It is less common during pregnancy but it may relapse during postpartum period. Cases of GBS have been reported after Spinal, epidural and general anesthesia. Here we report a case of 28year old female patient who had relapse of GBS after undergoing emergency laparotomy for ruptured ectopic pregnancy. In this case report, we are presenting an unusual case of GBS relapsing 4 years after initial episode following spinal anesthesia.KEYWORDS: Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Campylobacter jejuni; Postpartum period

Dictionary Attacks on Speaker Verification

In this paper, we propose dictionary attacks against speaker verification - a novel attack vector that aims to match a large fraction of speaker population by chance. We introduce a generic formulation of the attack that can be used with various speech representations and threat models. The attacker uses adversarial optimization to maximize raw similarity of speaker embeddings between a seed speech sample and a proxy population. The resulting master voice successfully matches a non-trivial fraction of people in an unknown population. Adversarial waveforms obtained with our approach can match on average 69% of females and 38% of males enrolled in the target system at a strict decision threshold calibrated to yield false alarm rate of 1%. By using the attack with a black-box voice cloning system, we obtain master voices that are effective in the most challenging conditions and transferable between speaker encoders. We also show that, combined with multiple attempts, this attack opens even more to serious issues on the security of these systems